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Thursday, January 23, 2020
Double Standard for Women of Homers Odyssey Essay -- Homer Odyssey wo
Double Standard for Women of the Odyssey    Odysseus plans to tiptoe back into his hall through various schemes, one of which is to become beneficial and amiable to the maidservants. With this motivation, he offers to guard the hearth so that the fire won’t dwindle, but the response he receives is more than unwelcoming. Melantho, a beneficiary of Penelope, spurns him saying:          You must be crazy, punch drunk, you old goat.          Instead of going out to find a smithyâ€â€or a tavern benchâ€â€you stay          putting your oar in, amid all our men.          Numbskull not to be scared! The wine you drank          has clogged your brain, or are you always this way,          boasting like a fool? Or have you lost          your mind because you beat that tramp, that Iros?          Look out, or someone better may get up          and give you a good knocking about the ears          to send you out all bloody. (18.405-15).     Unexpectedly and unconventional for his character, Odysseus says: â€Å"One minute: let me tell Telemakhos how you talk in hall, you slut; he’ll cut your arms and legs off†(18.416-20). â€Å"This hard shot took the women’s breath away and drove them quaking to their rooms, as though knives were behind: they felt he spoke the truth†(18.421-23).     From the perspective of Melantho, her reason to believe the hungry bellied pariah, Odysseus, seems unclear. There seems to be a lapse in her reasoning. Since the old beggar’s arrival at Odysseus’ estate, Telemakhosâ€â€not ever publicly acknowledging the hunched-over man's entryâ€â€appears to wholly neglect him. Intimidated by the suitors’ death threats and revealing Odysseus’ identity, the only way out for Telemakhos, ... ... Athens," 5-16. Diana Buitron-Oliver and Beth Cohen, "Between Skylla and Penelope: Female Characters of the Odyssey in Archaic and Classical Greek Art," pp. 29-58. "Female Representations and Interpreting the Odyssey," by Seth Schein, pp. 17-27. Griffin, Jasper. Homer on Life and Death, 1980, Clarendon Press. Richard Brilliant, "Kirke's Men: Swine and Sweethearts," pp. 165-73. Helene Foley, "Penelope as Moral Agent," in Beth Cohen, ed., The Distaff Side (Oxford 1995), pp. 93-115. "The Odyssey, History, and Women," by A. J. Graham, pp. 3-16 Lillian Doherty, Siren Songs: Gender, Audiences, and Narrators in the Odyssey (Ann Arbor 1995), esp. chapter 1. Marilyn Arthur Katz, Penelope's Renown: Meaning and Indeterminacy in the Odyssey (Princeton 1991). Nancy Felson-Rubin, Regarding Penelope: From Courtship to Poetics (Princeton 1994).
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Methods Section: How Work Affects GPA
To assess the influence of employment on the grade point average of students who are either part time or full time employed, the researcher prepared a questionnaire with open and closed ended questions. The open ended questions were meant to provide greater insight into the subject. Responses to such questions that the researcher considered worthy of note were recorded in the Discussions section of the study. The closed ended questions, on the other hand, provided the researcher with quantitative data. An analysis of the answers to the closed ended questions utilized descriptive statistics, the most important of which was the mean value of the variable in question (See Questionnaire in the Appendix).The researcher identified fifteen students who were engaged in full time employment, plus fifteen more who were employed part time. Participants in each of the groups were selected out of the student population based on the researcher’s discretion rather than ra ndom selection. The selected participants in the study had first of all to sign an â€Å"Informed Consent†form to declare that they understand that they are participating in a research study to understand the influence of employment on the grade point average.Also on the â€Å"Informed Consent†form was a signed statement of the researcher, claiming that the data collected through the questionnaire as well as the results of the research would not identify the participant’s name. In other words, all information gathered through this research is confidential with respect to the names of the participants in the study (See Informed Consent form in the Appendix).Following the agreement of the students to participate in the study – as indicated on the â€Å"informed consent†forms that each individual subject was required to sign – the participants, divided into two groups based on the above mentioned criteria, received the questionnai re designed by the researcher. The verbal instructions given the participants were simply to answer all questions honestly, and to turn in their completed questionnaires by the end of the week during which the questionnaires were handed out. The participants, upon being handed out the questionnaires, were also asked to feel free to contact the researcher at any time in order to pose any questions that would emerge in the process of the completion of the questionnaire.Once the participants had submitted their questionnaires on time to the researcher, the latter began qualitative and quantitative analysis on the collected data.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
The Animal Encyclopedia Amniotes - Amniota
Amniotes (Amniota) are a group of tetrapods that includes birds, reptiles, and mammals. Amniotes evolved during the late Paleozoic era. The characteristic that sets amniotes apart from other tetrapods is that amniotes lay eggs that are well-adapted to survive in a terrestrial environment. The amniotic egg generally consists of four membranes: the amnion, the allantois, the chorion, and the yolk sac. The amnion encloses the embryo in a fluid that serves as a cushion and provides an aqueous environment in which it can grow. The allantois is a sac that holds metabolic wastes. The chorion encloses the entire contents of the egg and together with the allantois helps the embryo breath by providing oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide. The yolk sac, in some amniotes, holds a nutrient-rich fluid (called the yolk) that the embryo consumes as it grows (in placental mammals and marsupials, the yolk sac only stores nutrients temporarily and contains no yolk). The Eggs of Amniotes The eggs of many amniotes (such as birds and most reptiles) are enclosed in a hard, mineralized shell. In many lizards, this shell is flexible. The shell provides physical protection for the embryo and its resources and limits water loss. In amniotes that produce shell-less eggs (such as all mammals and some reptiles), the embryo develops within the females reproductive tract. Anapsids, Diapsids, and Synapsids Amniotes are often described and grouped by the number of openings (fenestrae) that are present in the temporal region of their skull. The three groups that have been identified on this basis include the anapsids, diapsids, and synapsids. Anapsids have no openings in the temporal region of their skull. The anapsid skull is characteristic of the earliest amniotes. Diapsids have two pairs of openings in the temporal region of their skull. Diapsids include birds and all modern reptiles. Turtles are also considered diapsids (although they have no temporal openings) because it is thought that their ancestors were diapsids. Synapsids, which include mammals, have a single pair of temporal openings in their skull. The temporal openings characteristic of amniotes are thought to have developed in conjunction with stronger jaw muscles, and it was these muscles that enabled early amniotes and their descendants to more successfully capture prey on land. Key Characteristics amniotic eggthick, waterproof skinstrong jawsmore advanced respiratory systemhigh-pressure cardiovascular systemexcretion processes that reduce water lossa large brain modified sensory organslarvae do not have gillsundergo internal fertilization Species Diversity Approximately 25,000 species Classification Amniotes are classified within the following taxonomic hierarchy: Animals Chordates Vertebrates Tetrapods Amniotes Amniotes are divided into the following taxonomic groups: Birds (Aves) - There are about 10,000 species of birds alive today. Members of this group include game birds, birds of prey, hummingbirds, perching birds, kingfishers, buttonquail, loons, owls, pigeons, parrots, albatrosses, waterfowl, penguins, woodpeckers and many others. Birds have many adaptations for flight such as lightweight, hollow bones, feathers, and wings.Mammals (Mammalia) - There are about 5,400 species of mammals alive today. Members of this group include primates, bats, aardvarks, carnivores, seals and sea lions, cetaceans, insectivores, hyraxes, elephants, hoofed mammals, rodents, and many other groups. Mammals have several unique adaptations including mammary glands and hair.Reptiles (Reptilia) - There are about 7,900 species of reptiles alive today. Members of this group include crocodiles, snakes, alligators, lizards, caimans, tortoises, worm lizards, turtles, and tuataras. Reptiles have scales that cover their skin and are cold-blooded animals. References Hickman C, Roberts L, Keen S. Animal Diversity. 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2012. 479 p. Hickman C, Roberts L, Keen S, Larson A, lAnson H, Eisenhour D. Integrated Principles of Zoology 14th ed. Boston MA: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 910 p.
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